āĻā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻāĻž â āĻĄāĻāĻā§āϰāĻŋāύ āĻā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻā§āύ āĻā§āϰā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ
āϧāϰā§āύ āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻĄāĻŧ āĻĻā§āĻļā§āϰ āĻĒā§āϰā§āϏāĻŋāĻĄā§āύā§āĻāĨ¤ āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰāϰāĻžāώā§āĻā§āϰāύā§āϤāĻŋ āĻā§ āĻšāĻŦā§? āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻāĻŋ āϏāĻāĻāĻā§ āĻā§āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāύā§āϤ āύā§āĻŦā§āύ? āĻļāϤā§āϰ⧠āĻā§, āĻŦāύā§āϧ⧠āĻā§ â āĻāĻāĻž āĻā§āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻŦā§āĻāĻŦā§āύ? āĻāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύāĻā§āϞā§āϰ āĻāϤā§āϤāϰ āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ DoctrineāĨ¤
āĻā§-āϰāĻžāĻāύā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧠Doctrine āĻŽāĻžāύ⧠āĻšāϞ⧠āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āϰāĻžāώā§āĻā§āϰā§āϰ grand strategy āĻŦāĻž āύā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻāύā§āώā§āĻ āĻžāύāĻŋāĻ āĻā§āώāĻŖāĻž â āϝāĻž āϤāĻžāϰ āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻļāĻŋāĻ āύā§āϤāĻŋ, āϏāĻžāĻŽāϰāĻŋāĻ āĻā§āĻļāϞ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻāύā§āϤāϰā§āĻāĻžāϤāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻāϰāĻŖ āύāĻŋāϰā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰā§āĨ¤ āĻāĻāĻž āĻ āύā§āĻāĻāĻž āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻā§āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāύāĻŋāϰ 'mission statement'-āĻāϰ āĻŽāϤ⧠â āĻļā§āϧ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĻĨāĻā§āϝ āĻšāϞ⧠āĻāĻāĻžāύ⧠āĻŦāϞāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āĻĻā§āĻļāĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻā§ āĻā§āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻĻā§āĻā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻā§āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰāĻŦā§āĨ¤
Monroe Doctrine āĻāĻāϰā§āĻĒāĻā§ āĻŦāϞā§āĻāĻŋāϞ: 'āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāϰ āĻšāĻžāϤ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ āύāĻžāĨ¤' Truman Doctrine āϏā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤāĻā§ āĻŦāϞā§āĻāĻŋāϞ: 'āĻāĻŽāϰāĻž āϤā§āĻŽāĻžāĻā§ āĻāĻāĻāĻžāĻŦāĻāĨ¤' Bush Doctrine āϏāĻžāϰāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻā§ āĻŦāϞā§āĻāĻŋāϞ: 'āĻšāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨā§, āύāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒāĻā§āώā§āĨ¤'
āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻĄāĻŧ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤāύ āĻŽāĻžāύā§āĻ āύāϤā§āύ DoctrineāĨ¤ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤā§āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāϝā§āĻĻā§āϧā§āϰ āĻĒāϰ āύāϤā§āύ DoctrineāĨ¤ āϏā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤ āĻĒāϤāύā§āϰ āĻĒāϰ āύāϤā§āύ DoctrineāĨ¤ ⧝/ā§§ā§§-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ āύāϤā§āύ DoctrineāĨ¤ āĻāĻ Doctrine-āĻā§āϞ⧠āĻŦā§āĻāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰāϞā§āĻ āĻŦā§āĻāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻā§āύ āĻĻā§āĻļāĻā§āϞ⧠āϝā§āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻāĻāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰ⧠āϏā§āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻāϰ⧠â āĻā§āύ āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻž āĻāϰāĻžāĻā§ āĻā§āϞ, āĻā§āύ āϰāĻžāĻļāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻāĻāĻā§āϰā§āύ⧠āĻā§āϞ, āĻā§āύ āĻā§āύ āĻĻāĻā§āώāĻŋāĻŖ āĻā§āύ āϏāĻžāĻāϰ⧠āĻĻā§āĻŦā§āĻĒ āϤā§āϰāĻŋ āĻāϰāĻā§āĨ¤
āĻāϏā§āύ āĻāϤāĻŋāĻšāĻžāϏā§āϰ āϏāĻŦāĻā§āϝāĻŧā§ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻŦāĻļāĻžāϞ⧠āĻā§-āϰāĻžāĻāύā§āϤāĻŋāĻ āĻŽāϤāĻŦāĻžāĻĻāĻā§āϞ⧠āĻāĻ āĻāĻ āĻāϰ⧠āĻĻā§āĻāĻŋāĨ¤
āĻ āϧā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ ā§§ â Monroe Doctrine (ā§§ā§Žā§¨ā§Š): āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻŽāĻā§āĻā§ āĻĒāĻĻāĻžāϰā§āĻĒāĻŖ
āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻā§āώāĻžāĻĒāĻ
ā§§ā§Žā§¨ā§Š āϏāĻžāϞāĨ¤ āϞāĻžāϤāĻŋāύ āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋāĻŦā§āĻļāĻā§āϞ⧠āϏā§āĻĒā§āύ āĻ āĻĒāϰā§āϤā§āĻāĻžāϞ āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻāĻā§ āĻāĻā§ āϏā§āĻŦāĻžāϧā§āύ āĻšāĻā§āĻā§āĨ¤ āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āĻāϝāĻŧ â āĻāĻāϰā§āĻĒā§āϰ āĻļāĻā§āϤāĻŋāĻā§āϞ⧠(āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώāϤ Holy Alliance) āĻāĻ āύāϤā§āύ āĻĻā§āĻļāĻā§āϞā§āĻā§ āĻāĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋāĻŦā§āĻļ āĻŦāĻžāύāĻžāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĨ¤ āĻŦā§āϰāĻŋāĻā§āύāĻ āĻ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤāĻŋāϤ āĻāĻŋāϞ, āĻāĻžāϰāĻŖ āϞāĻžāϤāĻŋāύ āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨā§ āϤāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻŖāĻŋāĻā§āϝāϏā§āĻŦāĻžāϰā§āĻĨ āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤
āĻĒā§āϰā§āϏāĻŋāĻĄā§āύā§āĻ James Monroe āϤāĻāύ Congress-āĻ āĻāĻ āĻāϤāĻŋāĻšāĻžāϏāĻŋāĻ āĻā§āώāĻŖāĻž āĻĻā§āύāĨ¤
āĻŽā§āϞ āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ
Monroe Doctrine-āĻāϰ āϤāĻŋāύāĻāĻŋ āĻŽā§āϞāύā§āϤāĻŋ āĻāĻŋāϞ:
ā§§) āĻĒāĻļā§āĻāĻŋāĻŽ āĻā§āϞāĻžāϰā§āϧ⧠āĻāϰ āĻā§āύ⧠āύāϤā§āύ āĻāĻāϰā§āĻĒā§āϝāĻŧ āĻāĻĒāύāĻŋāĻŦā§āĻļ āϏā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻāϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦā§ āύāĻžāĨ¤
⧍) āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻž āĻāĻāϰā§āĻĒā§āϰ āĻ āĻā§āϝāύā§āϤāϰā§āĻŖ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧā§ āĻšāϏā§āϤāĻā§āώā§āĻĒ āĻāϰāĻŦā§ āύāĻžāĨ¤
ā§Š) āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧā§ āϝā§āĻā§āύ⧠āĻāĻāϰā§āĻĒā§āϝāĻŧ āĻšāϏā§āϤāĻā§āώā§āĻĒāĻā§ āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āϧ⧠āĻļāϤā§āϰā§āϤāĻžāĻŽā§āϞāĻ āĻāĻžāϰā§āϝāĻā§āϰāĻŽ āĻšāĻŋāϏā§āĻŦā§ āĻāĻŖā§āϝ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦā§āĨ¤
āĻāϏāϞ āĻāĻĻā§āĻĻā§āĻļā§āϝ āĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻŦ
āĻļā§āύāϤ⧠defensive āĻŽāύ⧠āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤ⧠āĻāϏāϞ⧠āĻāĻāĻž āĻāĻŋāϞ āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰ⧠āĻĒāĻļā§āĻāĻŋāĻŽ āĻā§āϞāĻžāϰā§āϧāĻā§ āύāĻŋāĻā§āϰ sphere of influence āĻā§āώāĻŖāĻž āĻāϰāĻžāĨ¤ 'āĻāĻāϰā§āĻĒ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§, āĻāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻāĻāĻžāύ⧠āϰāĻžāĻāϤā§āĻŦ āĻāϰāĻŦ' â āĻāĻ āĻŦāĻžāϰā§āϤāĻžāĻāĻžāĻ āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻžāύ⧠āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤
Roosevelt Corollary (⧧⧝ā§Ļā§Ē): āĻĒā§āϰā§āϏāĻŋāĻĄā§āύā§āĻ Theodore Roosevelt Monroe Doctrine-āĻ āύāϤā§āύ āĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž āϝā§āĻ āĻāϰā§āύ â āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻā§āύ⧠āϞāĻžāϤāĻŋāύ āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻžāύ āĻĻā§āĻļ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻāĻŖ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻļā§āϧ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āύāĻž āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧠āĻŦāĻž āĻ āϏā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĻŋāĻļā§āϞ āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϤāĻžāĻšāϞ⧠āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻž āϏā§āĻāĻžāύ⧠āϏāϰāĻžāϏāϰāĻŋ āĻšāϏā§āϤāĻā§āώā§āĻĒ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŦā§āĨ¤
Dollar Diplomacy: āĻĒā§āϰā§āϏāĻŋāĻĄā§āύā§āĻ Taft-āĻāϰ āĻāĻŽāϞ⧠āϞāĻžāϤāĻŋāύ āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ US āĻŦāĻŋāύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻāϰā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāύā§āϤā§āϰāĻŖ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĻžāĨ¤
āĻāĻ doctrine āĻĒāϰāĻŦāϰā§āϤ⧠⧍ā§Ļā§Ļ āĻŦāĻāϰ āϧāϰ⧠āĻĒāĻļā§āĻāĻŋāĻŽ āĻā§āϞāĻžāϰā§āϧ⧠āĻŽāĻžāϰā§āĻāĻŋāύ āĻāϧāĻŋāĻĒāϤā§āϝā§āϰ āĻāĻāύāĻŋ āĻ āύā§āϤāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻŋāϤā§āϤāĻŋ āĻšāĻŋāϏā§āĻŦā§ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§āĨ¤
āĻāĻāĻā§āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϏāĻā§āĻāĻŋāĻāϤāĻž
āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞā§āĻā§āĻ āĻāϏāĻā§: āĻā§āύā§āϰ Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) āϞāĻžāϤāĻŋāύ āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāύ āĻĄāϞāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āĻ āĻāϰāĻā§āĨ¤ Venezuela, Cuba, Nicaragua āϰāĻžāĻļāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻ āĻā§āύā§āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨā§ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻ āĻāĻĄāĻŧāĻā§āĨ¤ Monroe Doctrine āĻāĻŋ āĻŽāϰ⧠āϝāĻžāĻā§āĻā§? āύāĻžāĻāĻŋ āύāϤā§āύ āϰā§āĻĒā§ āĻĢāĻŋāϰ⧠āĻāϏāĻŦā§?
āĻ āϧā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ ⧍ â Truman Doctrine (⧧⧝ā§Ēā§): āϏā§āύāĻžāϝāĻŧā§āϝā§āĻĻā§āϧā§āϰ āϏā§āĻāύāĻž
āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻā§āώāĻžāĻĒāĻ
āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤā§āϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāϝā§āĻĻā§āϧ āĻļā§āώ āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§āĨ¤ āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤ⧠āĻāĻāϰā§āĻĒ āϧā§āĻŦāĻāϏāϏā§āϤā§āĻĒā§āĨ¤ āϏā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤ āĻāĻāύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāύ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŦ āĻāĻāϰā§āĻĒā§ āĻāĻā§ āĻāĻā§ communist āϏāϰāĻāĻžāϰ āĻŦāϏāĻžāĻā§āĻā§āĨ¤ āĻā§āϰāĻŋāϏ⧠āĻā§āĻšāϝā§āĻĻā§āϧ â āĻāĻŽāĻŋāĻāύāĻŋāϏā§āĻāϰāĻž āϏāϰāĻāĻžāϰ āĻā§āĻāĻžāϤā§āϰ āĻā§āώā§āĻāĻž āĻāϰāĻā§āĨ¤ āϤā§āϰāϏā§āĻā§ āϏā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤ āĻāĻžāĻĒāĨ¤ āĻŦā§āϰāĻŋāĻā§āύ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨāύā§āϤāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻāϤāĻāĻžāĻ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒāϰā§āϝāϏā§āϤ āϝ⧠āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāϝā§āϝ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻā§ āύāĻžāĨ¤
⧧⧝ā§Ēā§ āϏāĻžāϞā§āϰ āĻŽāĻžāϰā§āĻā§ āĻĒā§āϰā§āϏāĻŋāĻĄā§āύā§āĻ Harry S. Truman Congress-āĻ āĻāĻ āĻāϤāĻŋāĻšāĻžāϏāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻžāώāĻŖ āĻĻā§āύāĨ¤
āĻŽā§āϞ āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ
'It must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or outside pressures.' â President Harry S. Truman, 1947
āϏāĻšāĻ āĻ āύā§āĻŦāĻžāĻĻ: āϝā§āĻāĻžāύā§āĻ āĻāĻŽāĻŋāĻāύāĻŋāϏā§āĻāϰāĻž āĻā§āύ⧠āĻĻā§āĻļāĻā§ āĻĻāĻāϞ āĻāϰāĻžāϰ āĻā§āώā§āĻāĻž āĻāϰāĻŦā§, āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻž āϏā§āĻāĻžāύ⧠āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāϝā§āϝ āĻāϰāĻŦā§āĨ¤ āĻāĻāĻžāĻ Containment Policy â āĻāĻŽāĻŋāĻāύāĻŋāĻāĻŽāĻā§ āϝā§āĻāĻžāύ⧠āĻāĻā§ āϏā§āĻāĻžāύā§āĻ āĻāĻāĻā§ āϰāĻžāĻā§, āĻŦāĻžāĻāϰ⧠āĻāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāϤ⧠āĻĻāĻŋāĻ āύāĻžāĨ¤
āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻŦ
Marshall Plan: āĻĒāĻļā§āĻāĻŋāĻŽ āĻāĻāϰā§āĻĒ āĻĒā§āύāϰā§āĻāĻ āύ⧠$13B (āϤāĻāύāĻāĻžāϰ āĻŽā§āϞā§āϝā§) āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāϝā§āϝ â āϝāĻžāϤ⧠āĻĻāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻĻā§āϰā§āϝ-āĻĒā§āĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϤ āĻĻā§āĻļāĻā§āϞ⧠āĻāĻŽāĻŋāĻāύāĻŋāĻāĻŽā§āϰ āĻĻāĻŋāĻā§ āύāĻž āĻā§āĻāĻā§āĨ¤
NATO (⧧⧝ā§Ē⧝): āĻĒāĻļā§āĻāĻŋāĻŽāĻž āϏāĻžāĻŽāϰāĻŋāĻ āĻā§āĻ āĻāĻ āύ â 'āĻāĻ āĻĻā§āĻļā§ āĻāĻā§āϰāĻŽāĻŖ āĻŽāĻžāύ⧠āϏāĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āĻāĻā§āϰāĻŽāĻŖāĨ¤'
āĻā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āϝā§āĻĻā§āϧ (⧧⧝ā§Ģā§Ļ-ā§Ģā§Š): āĻāϤā§āϤāϰ āĻā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϏā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤ-āϏāĻŽāϰā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻāĻā§āϰāĻŽāĻŖ āĻ ā§āĻāĻžāϤ⧠US āϏāϰāĻžāϏāϰāĻŋ āϝā§āĻĻā§āϧā§āĨ¤
āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤāύāĻžāĻŽ āϝā§āĻĻā§āϧ (⧧⧝ā§Ģā§Ģ-ā§ā§Ģ): Containment-āĻāϰ āϏāĻŦāĻā§āϝāĻŧā§ āĻĻā§āϰā§āĻ āĻ āĻŦāĻŋāϤāϰā§āĻāĻŋāϤ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĨ¤
CIA Coups: āĻāϰāĻžāύ⧠āĻŽā§āϏāĻžāĻĻā§āĻĻā§āĻ āϏāϰāĻāĻžāϰ āĻā§āĻāĻžāϤ (⧧⧝ā§Ģā§Š), āĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻžāϤā§āĻŽāĻžāϞāĻžāϝāĻŧ Arbenz āϏāϰāĻāĻžāϰ āĻā§āĻāĻžāϤ (⧧⧝ā§Ģā§Ē)āĨ¤
Truman Doctrine āĻĒā§āϰ⧠āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻā§ ā§Ēā§Ē āĻŦāĻāϰ āϧāϰ⧠āĻĻā§āĻāĻŋ āĻŦā§āϞāĻā§ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāϰ⧠āϰā§āĻā§āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤
āĻ āϧā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ ā§Š â Eisenhower Doctrine (⧧⧝ā§Ģā§): āĻŽāϧā§āϝāĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻā§āϝ⧠āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻž
⧧⧝ā§Ģā§Ŧ āϏāĻžāϞā§āϰ Suez Crisis āĻāĻāĻāĻž āĻŦāĻĄāĻŧ āĻŦāĻžāϰā§āϤāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāϞ â āĻŦā§āϰāĻŋāĻā§āύ āĻ āĻĢā§āϰāĻžāύā§āϏā§āϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝāĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻā§āϝ⧠āĻāϧāĻŋāĻĒāϤā§āϝ āĻļā§āώ āĻšāϝāĻŧā§ āĻā§āĻā§āĨ¤ āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāϰ āϏā§āϝāĻŧā§āĻ āĻāĻžāϞ āĻāĻžāϤā§āϝāĻŧāĻāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰāϞ, āĻŦā§āϰāĻŋāĻā§āύ-āĻĢā§āϰāĻžāύā§āϏ āĻāĻā§āϰāĻŽāĻŖ āĻāϰāϞ, āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤ⧠āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āĻāĻžāĻĒā§ āĻĒāĻŋāĻā§ āĻšāĻāϤ⧠āĻŦāĻžāϧā§āϝ āĻšāϞā§āĨ¤
āĻļā§āύā§āϝāϏā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŖā§ āĻāĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻāϞā§āύ āĻĒā§āϰā§āϏāĻŋāĻĄā§āύā§āĻ EisenhowerāĨ¤
Eisenhower Doctrine (⧧⧝ā§Ģā§)-āĻāϰ āĻŽā§āϞ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ: āĻŽāϧā§āϝāĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻā§āϝā§āϰ āϝā§āĻā§āύ⧠āĻĻā§āĻļ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ 'āĻāύā§āϤāϰā§āĻāĻžāϤāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻŽāĻŋāĻāύāĻŋāĻāĻŽā§āϰ' āĻšā§āĻŽāĻāĻŋāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāϝā§āϝ āĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ, āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻž āϏāĻžāĻŽāϰāĻŋāĻ āĻ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨāύā§āϤāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻšāĻžāϝāĻŧāϤāĻž āĻĻā§āĻŦā§āĨ¤
āĻĒā§āϰāĻā§āϤ āĻāĻĻā§āĻĻā§āĻļā§āϝ: āĻāĻŽāĻŋāĻāύāĻŋāĻāĻŽ āĻ ā§āĻāĻžāύ⧠āĻŽāĻžāύ⧠āĻāϏāϞ⧠āĻŽāϧā§āϝāĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻā§āϝā§āϰ āϤā§āϞ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāύā§āϤā§āϰāĻŖā§ āϰāĻžāĻāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ āϏā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻŦ āĻŦāύā§āϧ āĻāϰāĻžāĨ¤
⧧⧝ā§Ģā§Ž āϏāĻžāϞ⧠āϞā§āĻŦāĻžāύāύ⧠āĻŽāĻžāϰā§āĻāĻŋāύ āϏā§āύā§āϝ āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻžāύ⧠āĻšāϝāĻŧ Eisenhower Doctrine-āĻāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻšāĻŋāϏā§āĻŦā§āĨ¤ āĻāĻ doctrine-āĻ āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻžāĻā§ āĻŽāϧā§āϝāĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻā§āϝā§āϰ dominant power āĻšāĻŋāϏā§āĻŦā§ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĻŋāϤ āĻāϰ⧠â āϝāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻŦ āĻāĻāĻ āĻāϞāĻā§āĨ¤
āĻāĻāĻā§āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϏāĻā§āĻāĻŋāĻāϤāĻž: āϏā§āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāϰāĻŦ, āĻāϏāϰāĻžāϝāĻŧā§āϞ, āĻŽāĻŋāĻļāϰ â āĻāĻ āĻĻā§āĻļāĻā§āϞā§āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨā§ āĻŽāĻžāϰā§āĻāĻŋāύ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻā§āϰ āĻāĻŋāϤā§āϤāĻŋ āĻāĻāύ⧠Eisenhower Doctrine-āĻāϰ āϝā§āĻā§ āϤā§āϰāĻŋ āĻšāĻāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻāĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§āϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āĻĻāĻžāĻāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻāĻā§āĨ¤
āĻ āϧā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ ā§Ē â Brezhnev Doctrine (⧧⧝ā§Ŧā§Ž): āϏā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤ āϏāĻžāĻŽā§āϰāĻžāĻā§āϝā§āϰ āĻļāĻŋāĻāϞ
⧧⧝ā§Ŧā§Ž āϏāĻžāϞāĨ¤ āĻā§āĻā§āϏā§āϞā§āĻāĻžāĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϝāĻŧ Alexander DubÄek-āĻāϰ āύā§āϤā§āϤā§āĻŦā§ 'Prague Spring' āĻļā§āϰ⧠āĻšāϝāĻŧ â āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻāϤāύā§āϤā§āϰā§āϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝā§āĻ āĻāĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻž āϏā§āĻŦāĻžāϧā§āύāϤāĻž, āϏāĻāϏā§āĻāĻžāϰāĨ¤ āϏā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤ āύā§āϤāĻžāϰāĻž āĻāϤāĻā§āĻāĻŋāϤāĨ¤ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻž āĻāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§?
āϏā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤ āĻāĻāύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāύ āĻā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āĻ āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ Prague Spring āĻĻāĻŽāύ āĻāϰā§āĨ¤ āϤāĻžāϰāĻĒāϰ General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev āĻā§āώāĻŖāĻž āĻĻā§āύ āϝāĻž āĻĒāϰ⧠'Brezhnev Doctrine' āύāĻžāĻŽā§ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
āĻŽā§āϞ āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ: āĻāĻāĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻā§āύ⧠āĻĻā§āĻļ āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻāϤāĻžāύā§āϤā§āϰāĻŋāĻ āĻšāϞā§, āϏ⧠āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻāϤāĻžāύā§āϤā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻ āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻŦā§āĨ¤ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻā§āύ⧠socialist āĻĻā§āĻļ āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻāϤāύā§āϤā§āϰ āĻĨā§āĻā§ āϏāϰ⧠āϝāĻžāĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻā§āώā§āĻāĻž āĻāϰā§, āϏā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤ āĻāĻāύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāύā§āϰ āĻšāϏā§āϤāĻā§āώā§āĻĒā§āϰ āĻ āϧāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āĻāĻā§āĨ¤
āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ:
āĻā§āĻā§āϏā§āϞā§āĻāĻžāĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž (⧧⧝ā§Ŧā§Ž): Prague Spring āĻĻāĻŽāύāĨ¤
āĻāĻĢāĻāĻžāύāĻŋāϏā§āϤāĻžāύ (⧧⧝ā§ā§¯): Communist āϏāϰāĻāĻžāϰ āϰāĻā§āώāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϏā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤ āĻāĻā§āϰāĻŽāĻŖāĨ¤
āĻāĻ doctrine āĻāĻŋāϞ āϏā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤ āϏāĻžāĻŽā§āϰāĻžāĻā§āϝā§āϰ 'āĻļāĻŋāĻāϞ' â āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŦ āĻāĻāϰā§āĻĒā§āϰ āĻĻā§āĻļāĻā§āϞ⧠āϏā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤ āĻāĻā§āώāĻĒāĻĨ āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻŦā§āϰā§āϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰāϤ āύāĻžāĨ¤
āĻĒāϤāύ â Sinatra Doctrine (ā§§ā§¯ā§Žā§¯): Gorbachev āĻā§āώāĻŖāĻž āĻāϰā§āύ â āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻāĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻļ āϤāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāĻāϏā§āĻŦ āĻĒāĻĨ āĻŦā§āĻā§ āύāĻŋāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŦā§ ('let them do it their way' â Frank Sinatra-āϰ 'My Way' āĻāĻžāύ āĻĨā§āĻā§ āϰā§āĻĢāĻžāϰā§āύā§āϏ)āĨ¤
Sinatra Doctrine-āĻāϰ āĻā§āώāĻŖāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŦ āĻāĻāϰā§āĻĒā§āϰ āĻĻā§āĻļāĻā§āϞ⧠āĻāĻā§ āĻāĻā§ āϏā§āĻŦāĻžāϧā§āύ āĻšāϤ⧠āĻļā§āϰ⧠āĻāϰā§āĨ¤ ā§§ā§¯ā§Žā§¯ āϏāĻžāϞ⧠āĻŦāĻžāϰā§āϞāĻŋāύ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻā§āϰ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§āĨ¤ ⧧⧝⧝⧧ āϏāĻžāϞ⧠āϏā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤ āĻāĻāύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāύā§āϰ āĻĒāϤāύāĨ¤
āĻ āϧā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ ā§Ģ â Nixon Doctrine (⧧⧝ā§Ŧ⧝) āĻ Carter Doctrine (ā§§ā§¯ā§Žā§Ļ)
Nixon Doctrine
āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤāύāĻžāĻŽ āϝā§āĻĻā§āϧ āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āĻāύā§āϝ āĻāĻāĻāĻž āĻā§āϰāĻŽāĻž āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āĻšāĻžāĻāĻžāϰ⧠āϏā§āύā§āϝ āĻŽāĻžāϰāĻž āĻā§āϞ, $āĻāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāύ āĻāϰāĻ āĻšāϞā§, āϤāĻŦā§āĻ āĻā§āϤāĻž āĻā§āϞ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰā§āϏāĻŋāĻĄā§āύā§āĻ Nixon ⧧⧝ā§Ŧ⧝ āϏāĻžāϞ⧠āύāϤā§āύ āύā§āϤāĻŋ āĻā§āώāĻŖāĻž āĻāϰāϞā§āύāĨ¤
āĻŽā§āϞ āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ: āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻž āĻŽāĻŋāϤā§āϰāĻĻā§āϰ āĻ āϏā§āϤā§āϰ āĻ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻĻā§āĻŦā§, āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤ⧠āϤāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āϞāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ āϤāĻžāĻĻā§āϰāĻ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻšāĻŦā§āĨ¤ 'Vietnamization' â āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤāύāĻžāĻŽāĻŋāĻĻā§āϰ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āĻ āϝā§āĻĻā§āϧ āϞāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻāĨ¤
āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻŦ: Direct US military involvement āĻāĻŽāϞāĨ¤ āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤ⧠Proxy war āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāϞ â āĻāϰāĻžāύā§āϰ Shah-āĻā§ āĻŽāĻžāϰā§āĻāĻŋāύ āĻ āϏā§āϤā§āϰ⧠āϏāĻā§āĻāĻŋāϤ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāϞ⧠āĻāĻĒāϏāĻžāĻāϰā§āϝāĻŧ āĻ āĻā§āĻāϞā§āϰ 'gendarme' āĻšāĻŋāϏā§āĻŦā§āĨ¤ South Korea, Taiwan â āϏāĻŦāĻžāĻ āĻāĻžāϰ⧠āĻŽāĻžāϰā§āĻāĻŋāύ āĻ āϏā§āϤā§āϰ āĻĒā§āϞāĨ¤
Carter Doctrine
⧧⧝ā§ā§¯-ā§Žā§Ļ āϏāĻžāϞāĨ¤ āĻĻā§āĻā§ āĻŦāĻĄāĻŧ āϧāĻžāĻā§āĻāĻž: āϏā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤ āĻāĻĢāĻāĻžāύāĻŋāϏā§āϤāĻžāύ āĻāĻā§āϰāĻŽāĻŖ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻāϰāĻžāύ⧠āĻāϏāϞāĻžāĻŽā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒā§āϞāĻŦ (Shah āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧā§ āĻā§āϞā§āύ, US āϤā§āϞ-āϏā§āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻž āĻšāĻžāϰāĻžāϞ)āĨ¤
āĻĒā§āϰā§āϏāĻŋāĻĄā§āύā§āĻ Jimmy Carter āĻā§āώāĻŖāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāϞā§āύ:
'An attempt by any outside force to gain control of the Persian Gulf region will be regarded as an assault on the vital interests of the United States of America, and such an assault will be repelled by any means necessary, including military force.' â President Jimmy Carter, 1980 State of the Union
āĻāĻ doctrine āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻāύā§āĻŽ āĻšāϝāĻŧ CENTCOM (US Central Command) â āĻŽāϧā§āϝāĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻā§āϝ āĻ āĻŽāϧā§āϝ āĻāĻļāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻŽāĻžāϰā§āĻāĻŋāύ āϏāĻžāĻŽāϰāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻĒāϏā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĻŋāϰæäš institutionāĨ¤ Carter Doctrine-āĻ ā§§ā§¯ā§¯ā§§-āĻāϰ Gulf War āĻāĻŦāĻ ā§¨ā§Ļā§Ļā§Š-āĻāϰ Iraq War-āĻāϰ āĻā§āĻļāϞāĻāϤ āĻāĻŋāϤā§āϤāĻŋāĨ¤
āĻ āϧā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ ā§Ŧ â Reagan Doctrine (ā§§ā§¯ā§Žā§Ļ-āϰ āĻĻāĻļāĻ): āϏā§āύāĻžāϝāĻŧā§āϝā§āĻĻā§āϧā§āϰ āĻļā§āώ āĻ āϧā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ
Truman Doctrine āĻŦāϞā§āĻāĻŋāϞ āĻāĻŽāĻŋāĻāύāĻŋāĻāĻŽ CONTAIN āĻāϰ⧠â āĻāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāϤ⧠āĻĻāĻŋāĻ āύāĻžāĨ¤ Reagan āĻŦāϞāϞā§āύ āĻāĻāĻž āϝāĻĨā§āώā§āĻ āύāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻļā§āϧ⧠āĻāĻāĻāĻžāύ⧠āύāĻž â ROLLBACK āĻāϰā§āĨ¤ āϝā§āĻāĻžāύ⧠āĻāĻŽāĻŋāĻāύāĻŋāĻāĻŽ āĻāĻā§, āϏā§āĻāĻžāύ āĻĨā§āĻā§āĻ āϏāϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻĻāĻžāĻāĨ¤
Reagan Doctrine-āĻāϰ āĻā§āĻļāϞ: āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦā§āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻŋāύā§āύ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāύā§āϤ⧠communist āĻŦāĻž Soviet-supported āϏāϰāĻāĻžāϰā§āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āϧ⧠āϞāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻāϰāĻž anti-communist resistance āĻŦāĻž guerrilla fighters-āĻĻā§āϰ āĻ āϏā§āϤā§āϰ āĻ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āϏāĻŽāϰā§āĻĨāύ āĻāϰāĻžāĨ¤
āĻŦāĻžāϏā§āϤāĻŦ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§āĻ:
āĻāĻĢāĻāĻžāύāĻŋāϏā§āϤāĻžāύ: āϏā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤā§āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āϧ⧠āĻŽā§āĻāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāύāĻĻā§āϰ $3B+ āϏāĻŋāĻāĻāĻ āĻāĻžāϰā§āϝāĻā§āϰāĻŽ (Operation Cyclone) â āĻāϤāĻŋāĻšāĻžāϏā§āϰ āĻ āύā§āϝāϤāĻŽ āĻŦā§āĻšāϤā§āϤāĻŽ covert operationāĨ¤
āύāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻž: Sandinista āϏāϰāĻāĻžāϰā§āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āϧ⧠Contra rebels-āĻĻā§āϰ āϏāĻŽāϰā§āĻĨāύ (Iran-Contra scandal)āĨ¤
āĻ ā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āĻā§āϞāĻž: āϏā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤ-āĻāĻŋāĻāĻŦāĻž-āϏāĻŽāϰā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ MPLA āϏāϰāĻāĻžāϰā§āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āϧ⧠UNITA-āĻā§ āϏāĻŽāϰā§āĻĨāύāĨ¤
āĻāĻŽā§āĻŦā§āĻĄāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž: āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤāύāĻžāĻŽāĻŋ āĻĻāĻāϞā§āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āϧ⧠resistanceāĨ¤
āĻĢāϞāĻžāĻĢāϞ: āĻāĻĢāĻāĻžāύāĻŋāϏā§āϤāĻžāύ āϏā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤā§āϰ 'Vietnam' āĻšāϝāĻŧā§ āĻā§āϞāĨ¤ ā§§ā§Ļ āĻŦāĻāϰā§āϰ āϝā§āĻĻā§āϧ⧠(⧧⧝ā§ā§¯-ā§Žā§¯) āϏā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤ āĻā§āϞāĻžāύā§āϤ āĻ āĻĻā§āĻāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāϞāĨ¤ āĻāĻāĻž USSR-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϤāύāĻā§ āϤā§āĻŦāϰāĻžāύā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤ āĻāϰāϞāĨ¤
āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤ⧠Blowback: CIA-āĻĒā§āϰāĻļāĻŋāĻā§āώāĻŋāϤ āĻ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻŋāϤ āϏā§āĻ āĻŽā§āĻāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāύāĻĻā§āϰ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻ āĻāĻļ āĻĒāϰ⧠Taliban āĻ Al-Qaeda āĻšāϝāĻŧā§ āĻāĻ ā§ â ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§§ āϏāĻžāϞā§āϰ ⧝/ā§§ā§§-āĻāϰ āĻĒāĻĨ āϤā§āϰāĻŋ āĻāϰā§āĨ¤
āĻ āϧā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ ā§ â Bush Doctrine (⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§§): āϏāύā§āϤā§āϰāĻžāϏā§āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āϧ⧠āϝā§āĻĻā§āϧ āĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻŽāĻĒāĻāĻŋāĻ āϏā§āĻā§āϰāĻžāĻāĻ
ā§§ā§§ āϏā§āĻĒā§āĻā§āĻŽā§āĻŦāϰ ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§§āĨ¤ World Trade Center-āĻ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻšāĻžāĻŽāϞāĻžāĨ¤ āϤāĻŋāύ āĻšāĻžāĻāĻžāϰā§āϰ āĻŦā§āĻļāĻŋ āĻŽāĻžāύā§āώ āύāĻŋāĻšāϤāĨ¤ āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻāĻŋāϤ⧠āĻāϤāĻŋāĻšāĻžāϏā§āϰ āϏāĻŦāĻā§āϝāĻŧā§ āĻŦāĻĄāĻŧ āϏāύā§āϤā§āϰāĻžāϏ⧠āĻšāĻžāĻŽāϞāĻžāĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰā§āϏāĻŋāĻĄā§āύā§āĻ George W. Bush āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ āύāϤā§āύ doctrine āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻāϞā§āύāĨ¤
Bush Doctrine-āĻāϰ āϤāĻŋāύāĻāĻŋ āϏā§āϤāĻŽā§āĻ:
ā§§. Preemptive Strike: āĻāĻāĻžāϤ āĻāϏāĻžāϰ āĻāĻā§āĻ āĻāĻāĻžāϤ āĻāϰā§āĨ¤ 'We cannot wait for the threat to materialize.' āĻāϰāĻžāĻ āϝā§āĻĻā§āϧ (⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§Š) āĻāĻ āύā§āϤāĻŋāϤā§āĻ justify āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞ â Saddam Hussein WMD (Weapons of Mass Destruction) āϰāĻžāĻāĻā§āύ āĻŦāϞ⧠āĻ āĻāĻŋāϝā§āĻ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϝāĻž āĻĒāϰ⧠āĻŽāĻŋāĻĨā§āϝāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻŽāĻžāĻŖāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
⧍. Regime Change: āĻ āĻŦāύā§āϧ⧠āϏāϰāĻāĻžāϰ āϏāϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻĻāĻžāĻāĨ¤ āĻāĻĢāĻāĻžāύāĻŋāϏā§āϤāĻžāύ⧠Taliban āϏāϰāĻāĻžāϰ āĻā§āĻāĻžāϤ, āĻāϰāĻžāĻā§ Saddam Hussein-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϤāύāĨ¤
ā§Š. 'You're either with us or against us': āĻā§āύ⧠āύāĻŋāϰāĻĒā§āĻā§āώāϤāĻž āύā§āĻāĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻāĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻļāĻā§ āĻĒāĻā§āώ āύāĻŋāϤ⧠āĻšāĻŦā§āĨ¤
Bush Doctrine-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŖāϤāĻŋ (approximate figures):
| āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŖāϤāĻŋ | āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāϰāĻŖ |
| āĻāĻĢāĻāĻžāύ āϝā§āĻĻā§āϧā§āϰ āϏā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻŋāϤā§āĻŦ | ⧍ā§Ļ āĻŦāĻāϰ (⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§§-⧍ā§Ļ⧍⧧) â āĻāϤāĻŋāĻšāĻžāϏā§āϰ āĻĻā§āϰā§āĻāϤāĻŽ āĻŽāĻžāϰā§āĻāĻŋāύ āϝā§āĻĻā§āϧ |
| Iraq āϝā§āĻĻā§āϧ | ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§Š āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻļā§āϰ⧠â WMD āĻĒāĻžāĻāϝāĻŧāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāύāĻŋ |
| āĻāύā§āĻŽāĻžāύāĻŋāĻ āĻŽā§āĻ āĻŦā§āϝāϝāĻŧ | $8 āĻā§āϰāĻŋāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāύā§āϰāĻ āĻŦā§āĻļāĻŋ (Brown University Costs of War Project, approximate) |
| āĻŽāĻžāϰā§āĻāĻŋāύ āϏāĻžāĻŽāϰāĻŋāĻ āĻŽā§āϤā§āϝ⧠(āĻāĻĢāĻāĻžāύ+āĻāϰāĻžāĻ) | ~7,000+ (approximate) |
| āĻŦā§āϏāĻžāĻŽāϰāĻŋāĻ āĻŽā§āϤā§āϝ⧠(āĻāĻāϝāĻŧ āϝā§āĻĻā§āϧ) | āϞāĻā§āώāĻžāϧāĻŋāĻ (āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻŋāύā§āύ estimate, approximate) |
| Guantanamo Bay | āĻāĻāύā§āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻāϰ⧠āĻŦāύā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻļāĻŋāĻŦāĻŋāϰ â āĻāύā§āϤāϰā§āĻāĻžāϤāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻŽāĻžāϞā§āĻāύāĻž |
| ISIS-āĻāϰ āĻāϤā§āĻĨāĻžāύ | Iraq-āĻ āĻā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻžāĻļā§āύā§āϝāϤāĻžāϝāĻŧ ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§Š-ā§§ā§Ē āϏāĻžāϞ⧠ISIS āĻāĻĻā§āĻāĻŦ |
| āĻāĻĢāĻāĻžāύāĻŋāϏā§āϤāĻžāύ⧠āĻļā§āώ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŖāϤāĻŋ | ⧍ā§Ļ⧍⧧ āϏāĻžāϞ⧠Taliban āĻĒā§āύāϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻžāϝāĻŧ â āϝā§āĻĻā§āϧā§āϰ āĻāĻā§āϰ āĻ āĻŦāϏā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻĢāĻŋāϰ⧠āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ |
āĻĻā§āϰāώā§āĻāĻŦā§āϝ: āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ āϤāĻĨā§āϝ Brown University Costs of War Project āĻ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻŋāύā§āύ āĻāĻŦā§āώāĻŖāĻž āϏāĻāϏā§āĻĨāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻļāύāĻžāϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āĻāĻŋāϤā§āϤāĻŋ āĻāϰ⧠āϤā§āϰāĻŋāĨ¤ āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϞ⧠approximate āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻŋāύā§āύ āϏā§āϤā§āϰ⧠āĻāĻŋāύā§āύāĻŽāϤ āĻĨāĻžāĻāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĨ¤
Bush Doctrine āĻāĻŋāϞ āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āĻāϤāĻŋāĻšāĻžāϏā§āϰ āϏāĻŦāĻā§āϝāĻŧā§ āĻŦāĻŋāϤāϰā§āĻāĻŋāϤ āĻā§-āϰāĻžāĻāύā§āϤāĻŋāĻ āĻĒāĻĻāĻā§āώā§āĻĒāĨ¤ āĻāĻāĻĻāĻŋāĻā§ āϏāύā§āϤā§āϰāĻžāϏā§āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āϧ⧠āϞāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ, āĻ āύā§āϝāĻĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻāύā§āϤāϰā§āĻāĻžāϤāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻāύ āϞāĻā§āĻāύā§āϰ āĻ āĻāĻŋāϝā§āĻāĨ¤
āĻ āϧā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ ā§Ž â āĻ -āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻžāύ āĻĄāĻāĻā§āϰāĻŋāύ: āĻā§āύ, āϰāĻžāĻļāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻ āĻ āύā§āϝāĻžāύā§āϝ
āĻā§āύā§āϰ Peaceful Rise āĻĨā§āĻā§ Wolf Warrior Diplomacy
Deng Xiaoping-āĻāϰ āĻā§āĻļāϞ: 'Hide your strength, bide your time' (éŦå å ģæĻ) â āĻļāĻā§āϤāĻŋ āϞā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āϰāĻžāĻā§, āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻ āĻĒā§āĻā§āώāĻž āĻāϰā§āĨ¤ ⧧⧝ā§ā§Ž āĻĨā§āĻ⧠⧍ā§Ļ⧧⧍ āĻĒāϰā§āϝāύā§āϤ āĻā§āύ āĻāĻ āύā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧠āĻāϞ⧠āύāĻŋāĻāĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦā§āϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤā§āϝāĻŧ āĻŦā§āĻšāϤā§āϤāĻŽ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨāύā§āϤāĻŋ āĻšāϝāĻŧā§ āĻāĻ ā§āĨ¤
Xi Jinping-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤāύ: āĻāϰ āϞā§āĻāĻžāύ⧠āύāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ 'China Dream' â āĻāĻžāϤā§āϝāĻŧ āĻĒā§āύāϰā§āĻā§āĻā§āĻŦāύāĨ¤
Belt and Road Initiative (BRI): $1 āĻā§āϰāĻŋāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāύā§āϰāĻ āĻŦā§āĻļāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āĻ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻāϞā§āĻĒāύāĻžāϝāĻŧ ā§§ā§Ģā§Ļ+ āĻĻā§āĻļā§āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨā§ āĻ āĻŦāĻāĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§ āϏāĻāϝā§āĻ (approximate)āĨ¤
South China Sea: āĻā§āϤā§āϰāĻŋāĻŽ āĻĻā§āĻŦā§āĻĒ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻŽāĻžāĻŖ, āϏāĻžāĻŽāϰāĻŋāĻā§āĻāϰāĻŖ â ⧝ā§Ļ% āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āĻāϰāĻžāĨ¤
Taiwan: 'Taiwan is part of China' â āĻā§āϰāĻŽāĻŦāϰā§āϧāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻāĻžāĻĒāĨ¤
Wolf Warrior Diplomacy: āĻāĻā§āϰāĻŽāĻŖāĻžāϤā§āĻŽāĻ āĻā§āĻāύā§āϤāĻŋ â āϝāĻžāϰāĻž āĻā§āύā§āϰ āϏāĻŽāĻžāϞā§āĻāύāĻž āĻāϰ⧠āϤāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĨ¤
Putin Doctrine / āϰā§āĻļ Near Abroad āύā§āϤāĻŋ
āĻŽā§āϞ āĻāĻžāĻŦāύāĻž: āϰāĻžāĻļāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ Near Abroad (āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻā§āϤāύ āϏā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤ āĻĻā§āĻļāĻā§āϞā§) āϰāĻžāĻļāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻŦ āĻŦāϞāϝāĻŧā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻŦā§āĨ¤ āϰāĻžāĻļāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻā§āύ⧠āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤā§āϝāĻŧ āĻļā§āϰā§āĻŖāĻŋāϰ āĻļāĻā§āϤāĻŋ āύāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
Russian Speakers Protection: āϝā§āĻāĻžāύā§āĻ Russian speakers āĻŦāĻž ethnic Russians āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒāĻĻā§, āϰāĻžāĻļāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϏā§āϤāĻā§āώā§āĻĒ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĨ¤
āĻŦāĻžāϏā§āϤāĻŦ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§āĻ: āĻāϰā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž (⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ž), āĻā§āϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĻāĻāϞ (⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§Ē), āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖāĻžāĻā§āĻ āĻāĻāĻā§āϰā§āύ āĻāĻā§āϰāĻŽāĻŖ (⧍ā§Ļ⧍⧍)āĨ¤
Eurasianism (Alexander Dugin): āϰāĻžāĻļāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻā§āύā§āĻĻā§āϰāĻŋāĻ Eurasian civilization â āĻĒāĻļā§āĻāĻŋāĻŽāĻž liberal order-āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāϞā§āĻĒāĨ¤
āĻāĻžāϰāϤā§āϰ Look East āĻĨā§āĻā§ Act East
Look East Policy (⧧⧝⧝⧧): āĻĻāĻā§āώāĻŋāĻŖ-āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŦ āĻāĻļāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨā§ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨāύā§āϤāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻ āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋāĨ¤
Act East Policy (⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§Ē): āĻāϰāĻ āϏāĻā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧ āĻ āĻā§āĻļāϞāĻāϤ â Indo-Pacific focusāĨ¤
Quad: US-India-Japan-Australia āĻā§āĻ â āĻā§āύāĻā§ counter āĻāϰāĻžāϰ āĻā§āĻļāϞāĨ¤
āĻāĻžāϰāϤā§āϰ āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞā§āĻā§āĻ: Strategic autonomy āĻŦāĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϰāĻžāĻāϤ⧠āĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ â Russia-āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨā§āĻ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻ, US-āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨā§āĻāĨ¤
āĻŦā§āϰāĻŋāĻā§āύā§āϰ Global Britain
Brexit-āĻĒāϰāĻŦāϰā§āϤ⧠āĻā§āĻļāϞ: āĻāĻāϰā§āĻĒā§āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻāϰ⧠āĻŦā§āĻļā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻĒāϏā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĻŋāĨ¤
Indo-Pacific Tilt: āĻāĻļāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻŽāύā§āϝā§āĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāύā§āĨ¤
AUKUS (⧍ā§Ļ⧍⧧): Australia-UK-US āϏāĻžāĻŽāϰāĻŋāĻ āĻā§āĻ â Australia-āĻā§ nuclear-powered submarine āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĨ¤ āĻŽā§āϞāϤ āĻā§āύāĻā§ āĻŽāĻžāĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϰā§āĻā§āĨ¤
āĻ āϧā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ ⧝ â āĻĄāĻāĻā§āϰāĻŋāύāĻā§āϞ⧠āĻāĻāύāĻāϰā§: āϤā§āϞāύāĻžāĻŽā§āϞāĻ āϏāĻžāϰāĻŖāĻŋ
āϏāĻžāϰāĻŖāĻŋ ā§§: āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ āĻā§-āϰāĻžāĻāύā§āϤāĻŋāĻ āĻŽāϤāĻŦāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āϤā§āϞāύāĻž
| Doctrine | āϏāĻžāϞ | āĻĻā§āĻļ | āĻŽā§āϞ āύā§āϤāĻŋ | āϞāĻā§āώā§āϝ | āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ āĻĢāϞāĻžāĻĢāϞ | āĻāĻāύ⧠āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϏāĻā§āĻāĻŋāĻ? |
| Monroe Doctrine | ā§§ā§Žā§¨ā§Š | USA | āĻĒāĻļā§āĻāĻŋāĻŽ āĻā§āϞāĻžāϰā§āϧ āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻāĻāϰā§āĻĒāĻā§ āĻĻā§āϰ⧠āϰāĻžāĻā§ | Latin America | ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļ āĻŦāĻāϰ āĻŽāĻžāϰā§āĻāĻŋāύ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻŦ | āĻāĻāĻļāĻŋāĻ (BRI-āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞā§āĻā§āĻā§) |
| Roosevelt Corollary | ⧧⧝ā§Ļā§Ē | USA | āĻ āϏā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĻŋāĻļā§āϞ āĻĻā§āĻļā§ āϏāϰāĻžāϏāϰāĻŋ āĻšāϏā§āϤāĻā§āώā§āĻĒ | Caribbean/C. America | āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻāĻŦāĻžāϰ US intervention | āύāĻžāĻŽāĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰ |
| Truman Doctrine | ⧧⧝ā§Ēā§ | USA | āĻāĻŽāĻŋāĻāύāĻŋāĻāĻŽ contain āĻāϰ⧠| USSR/āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦ | NATO, Marshall Plan, Cold War | āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤāĻŋāϤ āϰā§āĻĒā§ |
| Eisenhower Doctrine | ⧧⧝ā§Ģā§ | USA | āĻŽāϧā§āϝāĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻā§āϝ⧠āĻāĻŽāĻŋāĻāύāĻŋāĻāĻŽ āĻ ā§āĻāĻžāĻ | Middle East | US āĻŽāϧā§āϝāĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻā§āϝ⧠dominant | āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ (āĻāĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§ āĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻāĻā§) |
| Brezhnev Doctrine | ⧧⧝ā§Ŧā§Ž | USSR | āĻāĻāĻŦāĻžāϰ socialist, āϏāĻŦāϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ socialist | Eastern Europe | Czechoslovakia, Afghanistan | āύāĻž (ā§§ā§¯ā§Žā§¯ āĻŦāĻžāϤāĻŋāϞ) |
| Nixon Doctrine | ⧧⧝ā§Ŧ⧝ | USA | Proxy āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āϝā§āĻĻā§āϧ āϞāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ | Asia/āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦ | āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤāύāĻžāĻŽā§āĻāϰāĻŖ, proxy wars | āĻāĻāĻļāĻŋāĻ |
| Carter Doctrine | ā§§ā§¯ā§Žā§Ļ | USA | Gulf āϤā§āϞ āϰāĻā§āώāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāϞāĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§āĻ | Persian Gulf | CENTCOM, Gulf War, Iraq War | āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ |
| Reagan Doctrine | ā§§ā§¯ā§Žā§Ļ-āĻĻāĻļāĻ | USA | Rollback â āĻāĻŽāĻŋāĻāύāĻŋāĻāĻŽ āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻĻāĻžāĻ | āĻāĻĢāĻāĻžāύ, āύāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻŧāĻž, āĻ ā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āĻā§āϞāĻž | USSR-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϤāύ āϤā§āĻŦāϰāĻžāύā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤ, Taliban āĻāϤā§āĻĨāĻžāύ | āύāĻž (Cold War āĻļā§āώā§) |
| Bush Doctrine | ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§§ | USA | Preemptive strike, regime change | Afghanistan, Iraq | āĻĻā§āĻā§ āĻĻā§āϰā§āĻ āϝā§āĻĻā§āϧ, ISIS āĻāĻĻā§āĻāĻŦ | āĻŦāĻŋāϤāϰā§āĻāĻŋāϤ |
| Putin Doctrine | ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ļ-āĻŦāϰā§āϤāĻŽāĻžāύ | Russia | Near Abroad āϰā§āĻļ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āϰāĻžāĻā§ | Former Soviet states | Georgia, Crimea, Ukraine | āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ (āϏāĻā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧ) |
| Xi/China Doctrine | ⧍ā§Ļ⧧⧍-āĻŦāϰā§āϤāĻŽāĻžāύ | China | Peaceful rise â Assertive rise | Indo-Pacific, BRI āĻĻā§āĻļāĻā§āϞ⧠| BRI, South China Sea | āĻšā§āϝāĻžāĻ (āϏāĻā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧ) |
āĻĻā§āϰāώā§āĻāĻŦā§āϝ: āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ āϤāĻĨā§āϝ āĻāϤāĻŋāĻšāĻžāϏāĻŋāĻ āĻĻāϞāĻŋāϞ, CFR, Kissinger āĻ Brzezinski-āĻāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āϞā§āώāĻŖā§āϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āĻāĻŋāϤā§āϤāĻŋ āĻāϰ⧠āϤā§āϰāĻŋāĨ¤ 'āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϏāĻā§āĻāĻŋāĻāϤāĻž' āĻŽā§āϞā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāύ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻŋāύā§āύ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώāĻā§āĻā§āϰ āĻĻā§āώā§āĻāĻŋāĻāĻā§āĻāĻŋāϤ⧠āĻāĻŋāύā§āύ āĻšāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĨ¤
āϏāĻžāϰāĻŖāĻŋ ⧍: Doctrine-āĻāĻžāϞāĻŋāϤ āĻŽāĻžāϰā§āĻāĻŋāύ āϏāĻžāĻŽāϰāĻŋāĻ āĻŦā§āϝāϝāĻŧ āĻ āĻāĻžāϰā§āϝāĻā§āϰāĻŽ (approximate)
| āϝā§āĻ | Doctrine | āĻāύā§āĻŽāĻžāύāĻŋāĻ āĻŦāĻžāϰā§āώāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻžāĻŽāϰāĻŋāĻ āĻŦā§āϝāϝāĻŧ | āĻŽā§āϞ āĻāĻžāϰā§āϝāĻā§āϰāĻŽ |
| ⧧⧝ā§Ēā§-ā§Ģā§Š | Truman (Containment) | GDP-āϰ ~ā§Ģ-ā§§ā§Š% | Marshall Plan, NATO āĻāĻ āύ, āĻā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āϝā§āĻĻā§āϧ |
| ⧧⧝ā§Ģā§Š-ā§Ŧā§§ | Eisenhower (New Look) | GDP-āϰ ~ā§§ā§Ļ% | Massive retaliation, nuclear buildup, Lebanon |
| ⧧⧝ā§Ŧā§§-ā§Ŧ⧝ | Kennedy/Johnson (Flexible Response) | GDP-āϰ ~ā§Ž-⧝% | Vietnam escalation, Cuba Missile Crisis |
| ⧧⧝ā§Ŧ⧝-ā§ā§Ē | Nixon (Vietnamization) | GDP-āϰ ~ā§Ŧ-ā§% | Vietnam drawdown, SALT I, China opening |
| ā§§ā§¯ā§Žā§§-ā§Žā§¯ | Reagan (Rollback) | GDP-āϰ ~ā§Ŧ% | SDI ('Star Wars'), Afghan mujahideen, Contras |
| ⧧⧝⧝⧧-⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§§ | Bush Sr/Clinton (Engagement) | GDP-āϰ ~ā§Š-ā§Ē% | Gulf War, Bosnia, Kosovo, NATO expansion |
| ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§§-⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ž | Bush Jr (GWOT/Preemptive) | GDP-āϰ ~ā§Ē-ā§Ģ% | Afghanistan, Iraq â $2T+ āĻŦā§āϝāϝāĻŧ (approximate) |
| ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļ⧝-āĻŦāϰā§āϤāĻŽāĻžāύ | Obama/Trump/Biden | GDP-āϰ ~ā§Š-ā§Ē% | ISIS, Afghanistan exit, Ukraine support |
āĻĻā§āϰāώā§āĻāĻŦā§āϝ: āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ āĻŦā§āϝāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āϤāĻĨā§āϝ SIPRI, Congressional Budget Office āĻ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻŋāύā§āύ āĻāĻŦā§āώāĻŖāĻžāϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āĻāĻŋāϤā§āϤāĻŋ āĻāϰ⧠approximateāĨ¤ GDP āĻļāϤāĻžāĻāĻļ āĻŦāĻāϰāĻā§āĻĻā§ āĻāϞā§āϞā§āĻāϝā§āĻā§āϝāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§āĨ¤ āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϞ⧠āĻāϤāĻŋāĻšāĻžāϏāĻŋāĻ āϧāĻžāϰāĻž āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāϰ āĻāĻĻā§āĻĻā§āĻļā§āϝ⧠āĻĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻā§āĨ¤
āĻāĻĒāϏāĻāĻšāĻžāϰ
Doctrine-āĻā§āϞ⧠āĻšāϞ⧠āϏā§āĻ āĻŽā§āĻšā§āϰā§āϤā§āϰ āĻĢāϏāϞ â āϝāĻāύ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻļāĻā§āϤāĻŋ āĻŽāύ⧠āĻāϰ⧠āĻĒā§āϰāύ⧠āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽā§ āĻāϰ āĻāϞāĻŦā§ āύāĻžāĨ¤ Monroe Doctrine āĻāϏā§āĻāĻŋāϞ āϞāĻžāϤāĻŋāύ āĻāĻŽā§āϰāĻŋāĻāĻž āĻšāĻžāϰāĻžāύā§āϰ āĻāϝāĻŧ āĻĨā§āĻā§āĨ¤ Truman Doctrine āĻāϏā§āĻāĻŋāϞ āϏā§āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āϤ āĻšā§āĻŽāĻāĻŋ āĻĨā§āĻā§āĨ¤ Bush Doctrine āĻāϏā§āĻāĻŋāϞ ⧝/ā§§ā§§-āĻāϰ āĻā§āϰāĻŽāĻž āĻĨā§āĻā§āĨ¤
āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻāĻŋ Doctrine āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āύāϤā§āύ āĻ āϧā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻļā§āϰ⧠āĻāϰā§āĨ¤ āĻāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻāĻŋ Doctrine-āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨā§ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āϞāĻā§āώ āϞāĻā§āώ āĻŽāĻžāύā§āώā§āϰ āĻā§āĻŦāύ â āϝāĻžāϰāĻž āϝā§āĻĻā§āϧā§āϰ āĻŽāϝāĻŧāĻĻāĻžāύ⧠āϞāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻāϰā§, āϝāĻžāϰāĻž āĻāĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϏā§āϤ⧠āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϝāĻžāϰāĻž āĻļā§āϧ⧠āϏā§āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ āĻā§āĻŦāύ āĻā§āϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤
āύāϤā§āύ āϝā§āĻā§ āύāϤā§āύ doctrine āĻāϏāĻā§āĨ¤ AI warfare â āĻā§āϤā§āϰāĻŋāĻŽ āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋāĻŽāϤā§āϤāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āϝā§āĻĻā§āϧāĨ¤ Cyber doctrine â āĻāύā§āĻāĻžāϰāύā§āĻā§ āĻšāĻžāĻŽāϞāĻž āĻ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϰā§āϧāĨ¤ Space militarization â āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻāĻžāĻļā§ āϏāĻžāĻŽāϰāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻĒāϏā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĻŋāĨ¤ Economic warfare â SWIFT āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻŋāύā§āύ āĻāϰāĻž, semiconductor embargoāĨ¤ āĻāĻ āύāϤā§āύ āĻ āϏā§āϤā§āϰāĻā§āϞ⧠āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻā§āύ āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻā§ doctrine āϤā§āϰāĻŋ āĻāϰ⧠â āϏā§āĻāĻžāĻ āĻšāĻŦā§ āĻāĻāĻžāĻŽā§ āĻ āϧā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
āĻāϤāĻŋāĻšāĻžāϏā§āϰ āϏāĻŦāĻā§āϝāĻŧā§ āĻŦāĻĄāĻŧ āĻļāĻŋāĻā§āώāĻž āĻšāϞā§: āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻāĻŋ Doctrine āϤā§āϰāĻŋ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻšā§āĻŽāĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻŽāĻžāĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϰā§āĻā§āĨ¤ āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤ⧠āϏā§āĻ āĻšā§āĻŽāĻāĻŋ āϏāĻžāĻŽāϞāĻžāϤ⧠āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻ āύāϤā§āύ āĻšā§āĻŽāĻāĻŋ āϤā§āϰāĻŋ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ Reagan-āĻāϰ āĻŽā§āĻāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāύ āĻšāϞ⧠āĻĒāϰ⧠TalibanāĨ¤ Bush-āĻāϰ Iraq āϝā§āĻĻā§āϧ āĻšāϞ⧠ISIS-āĻāϰ āĻāύā§āĻŽāĻā§āĻŽāĻŋāĨ¤
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'In the councils of government, we must guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, whether sought or unsought, by the military-industrial complex.' â President Dwight D. Eisenhower, Farewell Address, 1961
āĻāĻļā§āĻāϰā§āϝā§āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ â āϝāĻŋāύāĻŋ Eisenhower Doctrine āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻŽāϧā§āϝāĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻā§āϝ⧠āĻŽāĻžāϰā§āĻāĻŋāύ āϏāĻžāĻŽāϰāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻĒāϏā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĻŋāϰ āĻāĻŋāϤā§āϤāĻŋ āϰā§āĻā§āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύ, āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧā§āϰ āĻŽā§āĻšā§āϰā§āϤ⧠āϤāĻŋāύāĻŋāĻ āϏāϤāϰā§āĻ āĻāϰā§āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύ āϏāĻžāĻŽāϰāĻŋāĻ-āĻļāĻŋāϞā§āĻĒ āĻāĻāĻŋāϞāϤāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒāĻĻ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻā§āĨ¤ Doctrine āϤā§āϰāĻŋ āĻāϰāĻž āĻāϰ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŖāϤāĻŋ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāύā§āϤā§āϰāĻŖ āĻāϰāĻž â āĻĻā§āĻā§ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ āĻāϞāĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻāĻžāĻāĨ¤










